Hydroperoxides

DIESEL CHECK

HYDROPEROXIDE TEST KIT

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FIELD TEST KIT FOR HYDROPEROXIDES

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Summary of Test Method

Add 1 ml of diesel fuel to liquid in vial “A”
Pour contents of vial “B” into vial A.
Cap and shake vial “A” for 30 seconds. Let vial “A” sit undisturbed for 30 seconds
Compare color of resulting lower layer to images provided with the Diesel-Check Hydroperoxide test kit.

That’s it!

Who should use the Diesel Check for Hydroperoxides?

The more severe the refining process the diesel fuel goes through; the more likely it is to be oxidatively unstable. Stored diesel can rapidly oxidize to form harmful compounds. There are many different reasons why someone might use the Diesel Check Hydroperoxide test.

If the test results for Diesel-Check Sulfur are a fail there is a chance there are hydroperoxides causing the failure and not sulfur.
Anyone who has fuel stored for periods of time such as in emergency diesel generators, diesel boat applications or farming operations.
Anyone who has stored biodiesel, which is inherently instable.

What are hydroperoxides and what do they do?

The Engine Manufactures Association describes hydroperoxides and the damage they can do as; “The process of forming hydroperoxides involves fuel stability and a free radical chain that continues until the reactive molecular links or available oxygen are depleted. Peroxides (hydroperoxides) are reactive oxidizing agents formed during the first steps of fuel oxidation. At high concentrations, peroxides or the free radicals formed can damage or degrade certain plastics and elastomers, particularly at high temperatures. Subsequent steps in the oxidation process produce acids, gums, polymers, and other insolubles.”

What levels of Hydroperoxides are detected by the Diesel Check Hydroperoxide test and what levels are considered to be harmful?

The Diesel Check Hydroperoxide test is able to visually detect (left vial in picture) hydroperoxide levels above 4 parts-per-million (ppm) as measured by the two American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) methods for measuring hydroperoxides in jet fuel:

ASTM D6447-03 Standard Test Method for Hydroperoxide Number of Aviation Turbine Fuels by Voltammetric Analysis

ASTM D3703-99(2004) Standard Test Method for Peroxide Number of Aviation Turbine Fuels

Although the fact that hydroperoxides are harmful is not disputed, there are no current specific requirements for the concentration of hydroperoxides in diesel fuel. In jet fuel specifications, 8 ppm hydroperoxide is considered borderline.

In the late 1990’s, the highly refined CARB fuels caused many diesel engine failures due to seized fuel injectors and other O-ring/fuel line related failures. The fuels removed from the fuel tanks of the failed engines had hydroperoxide levels well above 100 ppm (hydroperoxide levels increase during use due to fuel recirculation by diesel engines).

We have seen many ULSD fuels straight from fuel dispensers that are in excess of 80 ppm. These samples have a dramatic visual impact on Diesel-Check Hydroperoxide test and contain, in our opinion, excessive and harmful levels of hydroperoxide, gums, acids, etc,. Consequently, the Diesel-Check Hydroperoxide test is designed so that hydroperoxide levels of 40 ppm are borderline (middle vial in picture) and above 80 ppm a fail (right vial). If needed, the borderline and fail values will be modified as our understanding of hydroperoxide effects on diesel engine performance increases.

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